Understanding the bipolar spectrum: implications for management and diagnosis in primary care
References
- Akiskal HS, Maser JD, Zeller PJ, Endicott J, Coryell W, Keller M, Warshaw M, Clayton P, Goodwin F: Switching from ‘unipolar’ to bipolar II. An 11-year prospective study of clinical and temperamental predictors in 559 patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995; 52:114-123 https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950140032004
- Akiskal HS: The prevalent clinical spectrum of bipolar disorders: beyond DSM-IV. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1996, 16:4S-14S. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004714-199604001-00002
- Angst J, Sellaro R: Historical perspectives and natural history of Bipolar Disorder. Soc Biol Psychiatry 2000, 48:445-457. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00909-4
- Angst: The Bipolar Spectrum. British Journal of Psychiatry 2007, 190;189-191.
- Benazzi F: Borderline personality-bipolar spectrum relationship. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2006; 30:68-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.06.010
- Benazzi F: Does temperamental instability support a continuity between bipolar II disorder and major depressive disorder? Eur. Psychiatry 2006, 21:274-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2006.02.003
- Benazzi FA: Continuity between bipolar II depression and major depressive disorder? Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2006; 30:1043-1050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.03.037
- Benazzi F, Akiskal HS: A downscaled practical measure of mood lability as a screening tool for bipolar II. J Affect Disord 2005; 84:225-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2003.09.010
- Benazzi F: Validating Angst’s ‘ups & downs’ personality trait as a new marker of bipolar II disorder Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2004; 254:48-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-004-0455-8
- Morselli P, Elgie R: The Gamian-Europe Beam Survey; Preliminary findings of a patient questionnaire circulated to 3450 members of European Advocacy groups. Third European Stanley Foundation Conference on Bipolar Disorder September 2002. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-5618.2003.00037.x
- Tavormina G, Agius M: A study of the incidence of Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in a private Psychiatric Practice. Psychiatria Danubina 2007; 19:370-374.
- Tavormina G, Agius M: A study of the incidence of Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in a private Psychiatric Practice. Medicinski Arhiv 2007, 61:11.
- Tavormina G, Agius M: The High Prevalence of the Bipolar Spectrum in Private Practice. The Journal of Bipolar Disorders 2007, 6:19.
- Agius M, Murphy CL, Win A, Zaman R, Tavormina G: Developing primary care treatment of depression. British Journal of General Practice 2007; 57:501-502.
- Agius M, Tavormina G: Identifying and treating Bipolar Illness Early BMJ.com Feb 19th 2007
- Akiskal HS, Benazzi F, Perugi G, Rihmer Z: Agitated ‘unipolar’ depression re-conceptualised as a depressive mixed state; implications for the antidepressant-suicide controversy. J.Affect.Disord 2005, 85;245-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2004.12.004
- Donoghue JM, Tylee A: The treatment of depression: prescribing patterns of anti-depressants in primary care in the UK. British Journal of Psychiatry 1996; 168:164-168. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.168.2.164
- NICE Depression Guidelines, 2004.
- NICE Bipolar Illness Guidelines, 2006.
- Paykel ES: Priest RG Recognition and management of depression in General Practice. consensus statement. BMJ 1992; 305:1198-1202. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.305.6863.1198
- Akiskal HS, Benazzi F: Optimising the detection of bipolar II disorder in outpatient private practice; toward a systematisation of clinical diagnostic wisdom. J Clin Psychiatry 2005, 66:914-921. https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v66n0715
- Akiskal H: Bipolar Depression; the long term view. The second dual congress on Psychiatry and the Neurosciences, 1st European Congress of the International Neuropsychiatric Association; 2nd Mediterranean congress of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry Athens 2006 Book of Abstracts p 30.
- Akiskal HS, Akiskal KK, Lancrenon S, Hantouche E, Fraud JP, Gury C, Allilaire JF: Validating the bipolar spectrum in the French National EPIDEP Study: overview of the phenomenology and relative prevalence of its clinical prototypes. Journal Affective Disorder 2006,96: 197-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2006.05.015
- Akiskal HS, Akiskal KK, Lancrenon S, Hantouche E: Validating the soft bipolar spectrum in the French National EPIDEP Study: the prominence of BP-II ½. Journal Affective Disorder 2006, 96: 207-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2006.03.011
- Akiskal HS, Kilzieh N, Maser JD, Clayton PJ, Schettler PJ, Traci Shea M, Endicott J, Scheftner W, Hirschfeld RM, Keller MB: The distinct temperament profiles of bipolar I, bipolar II, and unipolar Patients. J.Affect. Disord 2006, 92;19-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2005.12.033
- Rihmer Z, Gonda X: Prediction and prevention of suicide in bipolar illness. The second dual congress on Psychiatry and the Neurosciences, 1st European Congress of the International Neuropsychiatric Association; 2nd Mediterranean congress of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry Athens 2006 Book of Abstracts p 30.
- Rihmer Z Akiskal H: Do antidepressants t[h]reat[en] depressives? Towards a clinically judicious formulation of the antidepressant-suicidality FDA advisory in light of declining national suicide statistics from many countries. J Affect Disord 2006; 94:3-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2006.04.003
- Masand P, Mago R Review: in people with bipolar disorder, short term antidepressants improve clinical response, although tricyclics risk inducing mania. Evid Based Ment Health. 2005 ;8:35. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmh.8.2.35
- Hall WD, Lucke J: How have the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants affected suicide mortality? Aust NZJ Psychiatry 2006; 40:941-950. https://doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01917.x
- Cipriani A, Geddes J, Barbui C: Venlafaxine for major depression. BMJ 2007; 334:215. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39098.457720.be
- Vonk R, van der Schot AC, Kahn RS, Nolen WA, Drexhage HA.Is autoimmune thyroiditis part of the genetic vulnerability (or an endophenotype) for bipolar disorder? Biol Psychiatry. 2007;62:135-40 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.08.041
- B.J. Baig, C.W. Lees, E.C. Johnstone, V. James, J. Satsangi, S.M. Lawrie Associations of Affective Disorder in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. European Psychiatry, Volume 26, Supplement 1, 2011, Page 2220 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73922-0
- Agius M, Bugler R, Tavormina G, Zaman R.The bipolar spectrum: do we need a single algorithm for affective disorders?Psychiatr Danub. 2010 ;22:450-1. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70839-9