ADHD symptoms occur in about 30% of children with epilepsy. The causes include classical ADHD, other forms of brain dysfunction, some antiepileptic drugs and the epilepsy itself. Management of the ADHD will depend on the cause. Standard ADHD treatment, such as methylphenidate, dexamfetamine and atomoxetine, is effective in about 70% of cases and is very unlikely to exacerbate seizures.